DHYG 1030 Syllabus

Subject Code

DHYG

Course Number

1030

Course Title

Dental Materials

Prerequisites

Program admission

Corequisites

Terms Offered

Credit Hours

Course Description

This course focuses on the nature, qualities, composition, and manipulation of materials used in dentistry. The primary goal of this course is to enhance the ability of students to make clinical judgments regarding the use and care of dental materials based on how these materials react in the oral environment. Topics include dental materials standards, dental materials properties, impression materials, gypsum products, mouth guards and whitening systems, dental bases, liners and cements, temporary restorations, classifications for restorative dentistry, direct restorative materials, indirect restorative materials, polishing procedures for dental restorations, removable dental prostheses, sealants, and implants.

Course Outcomes

Course Introduction; History of Dental Materials; Characteristics of Dental Materials

  • Identify various approval agencies for dental materials.
  • Define the ADA specifications and acceptance standards.
  • Describe the history of dental materials
  • Recognize the factors of the oral environment adverse to dental materials
  • Describe characteristics of the ideal material
  • Recognize features that assure quality assurance in handling dental materials
  • Identify the classes of materials used in dentistry
  • Describe the structure of dental materials
  • Describe the physical characteristics of dental materials
  • Describe the mechanical characteristics, including types of forces, stress and strain
  • Discuss chemical properties of dental materials and limitations of dental materials.
  • Recognize biological considerations
  • Describe pit and fissure sealants and their use in dentistry
  • List some resins used in preventive restorations
  • Identify fluoride-releasing agents
  • Describe the fabrication and use of mouthguards

Impression Materials; Dental Plaster and Stone 

  • Identify various impression materials.
  • Explain the advantages and limitations of various impression materials.
  • List the uses of impression materials in dentistry
  • Describe the characteristics of the various materials used
  • Identify the composition of impression materials
  • Describe the mixing and handling of impression materials
  • Demonstrate the method to obtain alginate impressions in the laboratory.
  • Describe the manufacture of gypsum and its various forms.
  • List the uses of plaster and stone in dentistry
  • Describe the handling of plaster and stone (dispensing, mixing, clean-up)
  • Distinguish between the various setting times of plaster and stone
  • Recognize setting expansion and its causes
  • Identify the properties (strength and hardness) of plaster and stone
  • List the types of dental gypsum
  • Describe the process of pouring and trimming a gypsum cast or model
  • Demonstrate the fabrication of study models in the laboratory.
  • Explain the disinfection of study models and casts

Intermediary Materials and Cements; Provisional Restoratives 

  • Describe dental varnishes and list their uses, types, handling, and characteristics
  • Identify what dental liners are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics
  • Identify what dental bases are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics
  • Identify what dental cements are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics
  • Describe the usual components of bases, liners, and cements.
  • Demonstrate the procedure to mix each of the above in the laboratory.
  • Define a temporary restoration.
  • Describe uses in dentistry for temporary restorations
  • List and be able to recognize the various types of provisional restoratives
  • Describe the mixing and placing of temporary restorations
  • Explain the uses for indirect restorative temporary crowns

Direct Restoratives 

  • Define a direct restorative material.
  • Describe esthetic anterior restorations and their historical perspectives
  • Describe esthetic anterior restorations and their uses in composites and glass
  • ionomers with their various types and packaging, compositions, characteristics and properties, handlings and mixings, setting reactions, finishing and polishing, and clinical performances
  • Describe the various types of posterior restorations
  • Describe amalgam restorations and composite resins and their uses, types and compositions, characteristics and properties, mixings and handlings, setting reactions, and clinical successes
  • Describe the use of direct gold as a dental restoration
  • List the advantages and disadvantages of direct restorative materials.

Materials for Inlays, Onlays, Crowns, and Bridges; Materials for Cast Restorations

  • :Define an indirect restorative material.
  • Recognize the indications of various indirect restoration.
  • List the types of materials used in fabricating inlays, onlays, crowns, and bridges
  • Describe the basic concepts of metals, including their metallic structures, deformations, and alloying
  • List the compositions, properties, and preparations of various metals used in dentistry, including noble metals, base metal alloys, and the repair of metals through soldering and welding
  • Describe the basic concepts of ceramics
  • List the composition, properties, and preparation of various ceramics used in
  • dentistry, including dental porcelains, cast ceramics, and the repair of ceramics
  • List the composition, properties, and preparation of composite restorations
  • Describe the basic process of casting using the lost-wax technique
  • List the dental waxes and identify uses in dentistry, types and characteristics
  • Explain die materials and their uses in dentistry, types and characteristics
  • Explain investment materials and their uses in dentistry, types and characteristics
  • List the advantages and disadvantages of various indirect restorative materials.
  • Attend a local dental laboratory to view the process for fabrication of indirect restorative materials.

Abrasion and Polishing

  • Describe the rational of polishing restorations.
  • List the objectives and theory behind polishing dental materials
  • Explain the various factors affecting polishing, including the polish’s hardness, particle shape and size, pressure used, speed of use, and lubrication in use.
  • Describe the instruments used in cutting and abrading, including the composition of abrasives, prophylaxis pastes, dentifrices, and denture cleansers used
  • Outline finishing and polishing procedures for composites, amalgams, alloys, ceramics and porcelains, and acrylics

Polymers for Prosthetics

  • Define removable prostheses.
  • Describe the basics of polymeric materials used in dentistry, including their properties, definitions and uses, chemistries of polymerization, polymer sizes and effects
  • Describe prosthetic resins use in denture bases, denture liners and conditioners and other resin systems
  • Outline the steps used in the production of a heat-processed denture
  • Explain the construction of an acrylic custom tray
  • Describe the process of cleaning removable appliances

Metal Alloys for Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry 

  • Identify when we use metal alloys in dentistry
  • List the types of dental alloys – stainless steels, cobalt-chromium, titanium, nickel-chromium
  • Describe the differing properties of alloys used in orthodontic wires and prosthodontics
  • Describe the biocompatibility of the various dental alloys

Sealants

  • Define a sealant
  • Describe the indications for use of a sealant
  • Identify the components of sealants
  • Explain the techniques for placing sealants
  • Demonstrate the procedure to place a sealant on extracted natural teeth.

Implants 

  • Define an implant and osseous integration.
  • Describe the metals used in implant fabrication
  • Describe the various coating available on implants
  • Describe the various types and shapes of various implants
  • Summarize the precautions necessary in cleaning and maintaining implants