DHYG 1000 Syllabus

Subject Code

DHYG

Course Number

1000

Course Title

Tooth Anatomy and Root Morphology

Prerequisites

Program admission

Corequisites

Terms Offered

Offered Fall

Credit Hours

(2-0-2)

Course Description

This course provides students with a thorough knowledge of the external and internal morphological characteristics of human primary and secondary dentition. It also introduces students to various tooth identification systems, classifications of occlusion, and dental anomalies. Topics include oral cavity anatomy, dental terminology, external and internal tooth anatomy, tooth nomenclature and numbering systems, individual tooth and root morphology, occlusion, and dental anomalies.

Course Outcomes

  1. Course Introduction; Overview of Dentition

The students should be able to:

  • Describe the two dentitions of humans and their relationship to each other.
  • Define each dentition period and discuss the important clinical considerations for each dentition period.
  • Assign the correct universal code for a tooth and the correct dentition period when examining a figure or a patient.
  • Code teeth using the Universal system, the Palmer notation system, and the FDI system.
  • Identify a tooth when given a code from one of the three systems.
  • Use the correct dental anatomy terminology when discussing the teeth or portions of a tooth.
  • Integrate the knowledge of the dentitions into the dental treatment of patients.
  • Identify the different functions of the teeth.
  • Identify the different tissues that compose the teeth.
  • Differentiate between clinical and anatomic eruption.
  • Recognize how the functions of teeth determine their shape and size.
  • Define single, bifurcated, and trifurcated roots.
  • Understand the individual functions and therefore the individual differences that exist among incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
  • Understand the difference between primary dentition, secondary dentition, and mixed dentition.
  • Understand the arrangement of the teeth into dentitions, arches, and   quadrants.
  • Identify the successful characteristics of tooth shape and alignment in protecting the periodontium.
  • Understand that the teeth are shaped to align next to each other in order to preserve the dentition.       
  • Identify the proximal contact areas.
  • Identify contact points.
  • The student will draw or identify teeth in the laboratory.

 

 

 

  1. Overview of the Dentitions continued; Permanent Anterior Teeth

The students should be able to:

  • Use the correct names and universal code numbers of each permanent anterior tooth when examining a diagram and a patient.
  • Demonstrate the correct location of each permanent tooth on a diagram and a patient.
  • Use the correct dental terminology when discussing the permanent anterior teeth.
  • Describe the general and specific features of permanent anterior teeth and of each permanent anterior tooth type.
  • Discuss the important clinical considerations and developmental disturbances based on the anatomy of the permanent anterior teeth.
  • Integrate the knowledge of dental anatomy of the permanent anterior teeth into the dental treatment of patients.
  •  Identify the particular anatomic features of incisor teeth.
  • Compare maxillary central incisors with maxillary lateral incisors.
  • Compare maxillary incisors with their mandibular incisor counterparts.
  • Identify an extracted incisor.
  • Recognize the normal and the deviated anatomic forms of incisor teeth.

 

  1. Permanent Anterior Teeth Continued

The students should be able to:

  • Understand the function of a canine tooth in relation to its shape.
  • Understand the calcification and root completions schedule in relation to the eruption dates of the canines.
  • Recognize the resemblance of the canines to the other anterior teeth
  • Understand how the canines are different from the other anterior teeth, as well as how they are similar to some posterior teeth.
  • Recognize and identify the anatomic structure and landmarks of the canine teeth.
  • Compare maxillary and mandibular canines and identify each.

 

 

  1. Permanent Posterior Teeth

The students should be able to:

  • Use the correct names and universal code numbers of each permanent posterior tooth when examining a diagram and a patient.
  • Demonstrate the correct location of each permanent posterior tooth on a diagram and a patient.
  • Use the correct dental terminology when discussing the permanent posterior teeth.
  • Describe the general and specific features of posterior teeth and each posterior tooth type of the permanent dentition.
  • Discuss the important clinical considerations and developmental disturbances based on the anatomy of the permanent posterior teeth.
  • Integrate the knowledge of dental anatomy of the permanent posterior teeth into the dental treatment of patients.

 

  1. Permanent Posterior Teeth Continued

The students should be able to:

  • Identify an extracted premolar as maxillary or mandibular, first or second, right or left.
  • Recognize and mane the pertinent dental anatomic form of each tooth – cusps, ridges, developmental grooves, triangular grooves, pits, and developmental depressions.
  • Make comparisons between maxillary and mandibular premolars.
  • Discuss the major differences and similarities between the maxillary first and second premolars.
  • Describe briefly the various occlusal forms possible for a mandibular second premolar.
  • Compare the mandibular first premolars with the mandibular second premolars (development, shape, and diversities of anatomic form).
  • Understand how development occurs through the formation and fusion of the lobes.
  • Understand how the form of a tooth relates to its ultimate function.

 

  1. Permanent Posterior Teeth Continued

The students should be able to:

  • Understand the lobe formations of the crowns of molars.
  • Compare the formations of first, second, and third molars.
  • Understand the anchorage of the roots as a resistance to forces of displacement.
  • Describe the details of the various molars.
  • Make comparisons among the various molars: maxillary and mandibular, as well as first, second, and third molars.
  • Identify each molar.

  1. Primary Dentition

The students should be able to:

  • Use the correct name and universal code letter for each primary tooth when examining a diagram and a patient.
  • Demonstrate the correct location of each primary tooth on a diagram and a patient.
  • Use the correct dental terminology when discussing the primary teeth.
  • Describe the general features of primary teeth and of each primary tooth type.
  • Describe the specific features of each primary tooth.
  • Discuss the specific features of each primary tooth.
  • Discuss the important clinical considerations and developmental disturbances based on the anatomy of the primary teeth.
  • Integrate the knowledge of dental anatomy of the primary teeth into the dental treatment of patients.

 

  1. Primary Dentition Continued

The students should be able to:

  • Identify the various primary teeth.
  • Recognize whether a tooth is primary or secondary.
  • Know the eruption dates of the primary and secondary teeth.
  • Understand the essential differences between primary and permanent teeth.
  • Understand the importance and functions of primary teeth.
  • Compare the dental anatomic features of primary teeth, not only with the other primary teeth but also with their permanent counterparts.

 

  1. Occlusion

The students should be able to:

  • Classify occlusion.
  • Define occlusion, centric occlusion, and malocclusion.
  • Describe centric occlusion and its relationship to movement of the mandible.
  • Describe Angle’s classification of malocclusion.
  • Discuss parafunctional habits, myofunctional and skeletal considerations, and occlusal trauma and their relationship to occlusion.
  • Integrate the knowledge of occlusion into the dental treatment of a patient.
  • Recognize different classes of occlusion in the laboratory.

 

 

  1. Occlusion Continued

The students should be able to:

  • Understand how the eruption schedule, growth, and ultimate alignment of the teeth are related.
  • Understand how muscle forces affect the alignment of the teeth.
  • Understand what the curve of Spee, the curve of Wilson, and the sphere of Monson are.
  • Understand in what way the teeth are aligned vertically – maxillary to mandibular.
  • Understand what centric occlusion is.
  • Understand the meaning of overjet, overbite, crossbite, and open bite, and to have some idea of how they occur.
  • Know and identify the three occlusal classifications.
  • Understand the relationship that exists between the teeth during lateral excursive movements.

 

  1. Dental Anomalies:

The students should be able to:

  • Recognize dental anomalies of tooth numbers, size, shape, and structural defects.

 

 

COMPETENCY AREAS:

√ Oral Cavity Anatomy

√ Dental Terminology

√ External and Internal Tooth Anatomy

√ Tooth Nomeclature and Numbering Systems

√ Individual Tooth and Root Morphology

√ Occlusion

√ Dental Anomalies