DHYG 1030 Syllabus
Subject Code
DHYG
Course Number
1030
Course Title
Dental Materials
Prerequisites
Program admission
Corequisites
Terms Offered
Offered Summer
Credit Hours
(1-2-2)
Course Description
This course focuses on the nature, qualities, composition, and manipulation of materials used in dentistry. The primary goal of this course is to enhance the ability of students to make clinical judgments regarding the use and care of dental materials based on how these materials react in the oral environment. Topics include dental materials standards, dental materials properties, impression materials, gypsum products, mouthguards and whitening systems, dental bases, liners and cements, temporary restorations, classifications for restorative dentistry, direct restorative materials, indirect restorative materials, polishing procedures for dental restorations, removable dental prostheses, sealants, and implants.
Course Outcomes
I. Course Introduction; History of Dental Materials; Characteristics, Standards, and Properties of Dental Materials
The students should be able to:
- Identify various approval agencies for dental materials.
- Define the ADA specifications and acceptance standards.
- Describe the history of dental materials.
- Recognize the factors of the oral environment adverse to dental materials.
- Describe characteristics of the ideal material.
- Recognize features that assure quality assurance in handling dental materials.
- Identify the classes of materials used in dentistry.
- Describe the structure of dental materials.
- Describe the physical characteristics of dental materials.
- Describe the mechanical characteristics, including types of forces, stress and strain.
- Discuss chemical properties of dental materials and limitations of dental materials.
- Recognize biological considerations.
II. Impression Materials, Gypsum, Dental Plaster and Stone
The students should be able to:
- Identify various impression materials.
- Explain the advantages and limitations of various impression materials.
- List the uses of impression materials in dentistry.
- Describe the characteristics of the various materials used.
- Identify the composition of impression materials.
- Describe the mixing and handling of impression materials.
- Demonstrate the method to obtain alginate impressions in the laboratory.
- Describe the manufacture of gypsum and its various forms.
- List the uses of plaster and stone in dentistry.
- Describe the handling of plaster and stone (dispensing, mixing, clean-up).
- Distinguish between the various setting times of plaster and stone.
- Recognize setting expansion and its causes.
- Identify the properties (strength and hardness) of plaster and stone.
- List the types of dental gypsum.
- Describe the process of pouring and trimming a gypsum cast or model.
- Demonstrate the fabrication of study models in the laboratory.
- Explain the disinfection of study models and casts.
III. Mouthguards and Whitening Systems
The student should be able to:
- Name the indications and uses of custom trays.
- Explain the process of fabricating custom trays.
- Describe the importance of a custom tray in whitening procedures.
- Demonstrate the fabrication of custom whitening tray in the laboratory.
IV Dental Bases, Liners, and Cements
The students should be able to:
- Describe dental varnishes and list their uses, types, handling, and characteristics.
- Identify what dental liners are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics.
- Identify what dental bases are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics.
- Identify what dental cements are and explain their uses, types, handling, and characteristics.
- Describe the usual components of bases, liners, and cements.
- Demonstrate the procedure to mix each of the above in the laboratory.
V. Temporary Restorations
- Define a temporary restoration.
- Describe uses in dentistry for temporary restorations.
- Describe the mixing and placing of temporary restorations.
- Demonstrate the technique to fabricate a temporary restoration.
VI: Direct Restoratives
The students should be able to:
- Define a direct restorative material.
- Describe esthetic anterior restorations and their historical perspectives.
- Describe esthetic anterior restorations and their uses in composites and glass ionomers with their various types and packaging, compositions, characteristics and properties, handlings and mixings, setting reactions, finishing and polishing, and clinical performances.
- Describe the various types of posterior restorations.
- Describe amalgam restorations and composite resins and their uses, types and compositions, characteristics and properties, mixings and handlings, setting reactions, and clinical successes.
- Describe the use of direct gold as a dental restoration.
- List the advantages and disadvantages of direct restorative materials.
VII: Indirect Restorative Materials
The students should be able to:
- Define an indirect restorative material.
- Recognize the indications of various indirect restorations.
- List the types of materials used in fabricating inlays, onlays, crowns, and bridges.
- Describe the basic concepts of metals, including their metallic structures, deformations, and alloying.
- List the compositions, properties, and preparations of various metals used in dentistry, including noble metals, base metal alloys, and the repair of metals through soldering and welding.
- Describe the basic concepts of ceramics.
- List the composition, properties, and preparation of various ceramics used in dentistry, including dental porcelains, cast ceramics, and the repair of ceramics.
- List the composition, properties, and preparation of composite restorations.
- Describe the basic process of casting using the lost-wax technique.
- List the dental waxes and identify uses in dentistry, types and characteristics.
- Explain die materials and their uses in dentistry, types and characteristics.
- Explain investment materials and their uses in dentistry, types and characteristics.
- List the advantages and disadvantages of various indirect restorative materials.
- Attend a local dental laboratory to view the process for fabrication of indirect restorative materials.
VIII. Polishing Procedures for Dental Restorations
The students should be able to:
- Describe the rational of polishing restorations.
- List the objectives and theory behind polishing dental materials.
- Explain the various factors affecting polishing, including the polish’s hardness, particle shape and size, pressure used, speed of use, and lubrication in use.
- Describe the instruments used in cutting and abrading, including the composition of abrasives, prophylaxis pastes, dentifrices, and denture cleansers used.
- Outline finishing and polishing procedures for composites, amalgams, alloys, ceramics and porcelains, and acrylics.
IX. Removable Dental Prostheses
The students should be able to:
- Define removable prostheses.
- Describe the basics of polymeric materials used in dentistry, including their properties, definitions and uses, chemistries of polymerization, polymer sizes and effects.
- Describe prosthetic resins use in denture bases, denture liners and conditioners and other resin systems.
- Outline the steps used in the production of a heat-processed denture.
- Explain the construction of an acrylic custom tray.
- Describe the process of cleaning removable appliances.
X. Sealants
The students should be able to:
- Define a sealant.
- Describe the indications for use of a sealant
- Identify the components of sealants.
- Explain the techniques for placing sealants.
- Demonstrate the procedure to place a sealant on extracted natural teeth.
XI. Implants
The students should be able to:
- Define an implant and osseous integration.
- Describe the metals used in implant fabrication.
- Describe the various coating available on implants.
- Describe the various types and shapes of various implants.
- Summarize the precautions necessary in cleaning and maintaining implants.
COMPETENCY AREAS:
√ Dental Materials Standards
√ Dental Materials Properties
√ Impression Materials
√ Gypsum Products
√ Mouthguards and Whitening Systems
√ Dental Bases, Liners and Cements
√ Temporary Restorations
√ Direct Restorative Materials
√ Indirect Restorative Materials
√ Polishing Procedures for Dental Restorations
√ Removable Dental Prosthesis
√ Sealants
√ Implants