DHYG 2080 Syllabus

Subject Code

DHYG

Course Number

2080

Course Title

Clinical Dental Hygiene III

Prerequisites

DHYG 2010 with a grade of C or higher, DHYG 2020 with a grade of C or higher

Corequisites

DHYG 2090

Terms Offered

Offered Fall

Credit Hours

(2-0-2)

Course Description

This course continues the development of student knowledge necessary for treatment and prevention of oral diseases. Topics include treatment of patients with special needs.

Course Outcomes

Introduction to course; care of patients with disabilities, wheelchair transfer

The student will be able to:

Discuss the general considerations of dental hygiene care for individuals with special needs
Discuss the life span approach to care
Discuss goals for normalization
Discuss potential to barriers to oral health care
Identify the major structural and physical considerations needed to provide adequate accommodations for the handicapped in a dental office.
List the incidence and prevalence of special-needs individuals
Know the dental hygienist’s role with special needs individuals
Define and discuss labeling, barrier-free environments, normalization, access to care, the Americans with Disabilities Act.
Perform successful wheelchair transfer in the clinical setting.

The Geriatric Patient, the Edentulous Patient

The student will be able to:

Discuss preventative measures for the aging population.
Identify the relative degree of impairment and the physiologic and chronologic implications in the older population
Identify general physiologic changes and diseases in the elderly person
Discuss symptoms, impairment, response to disease, and appointment considerations concerning diseases in the elderly person.
Identify and discuss oral findings, preventive treatment programs and dietary needs of the aged.
Discuss the dental hygienist’s role in care of the edentulous patient.
Discuss preventive procedures necessary for the edentulous patient’s general and oral health.
Discuss the incidence, etiology, functional expectations, and dental management of the edentulous patient.
Identify denture related oral changes and denture induced oral lesions.
Discuss preliminary counseling and post insertion care of dentures.
Discuss daily preventative measures for denture wearers and dental caries control for overdenture wearers.

III. The patient with a Cleft Lip and/or Palate

The student will be able to:

Describe incidence and treatment of the left lip/palate patient.
Discuss the etiology of cleft lip/palate
Describe other physical characteristics often associated with the cleft lip/palate patient.
Discuss and apply dental hygiene care of cleft lip/palate patients
List things that should be taught to the patient with this defect.

The patient with oral cancer; the oral or maxillofacial surgery patient.

The student will be able to:

List the objectives of treatment of the patient recovering from maxillofacial or oral surgery.
Discuss the various types of surgery performed
Describe dental hygiene care including pre-surgery and post-surgery treatment planning, and factors to teach the patient.
Describe the etiology, predisposing factors and incidence of oral cancer.
Discuss the treatment and oral hygiene implications of exfoliative cytology
Discuss all aspects of the dental/dental hygiene treatment plan for oral cancer patients.
Discuss the objectives, types, dosage and oral effects of radiation therapy.
Discuss the objectives, types, side effects and oral effects of chemotherapy.
Discuss indications for surgery and types of surgery available for oral cancer patients
Discuss factors to teach the oral cancer patient.

V. The patient with physical impairments

The student will be able to:

Define the classifications, incidence, etiology, functional expectations and dental management of the cerebral palsy patient.
Define the classification, incidence, etiology, functional expectations and dental management of the spinal cord injury patient.
Define the incidence, etiology, functional expectations, and dental management of the patient with arthritis.
List the various types of physical impairments with their etiologic factors, treatment implications and symptoms including myelomeningocele, stroke, muscular dystrophies, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, bell’s palsy, Parkinson’s disease, scleroderma and kidney disease.
Discuss the factors to teach the patient or their caregiver for each of these impairments

VI. The patient with a seizure disorder

The student will be able to:

Discuss different types of epileptic syndromes including definitions, classifications, types, etiology, prognosis and implications.
Discuss clinical manifestations, treatment and oral findings in patients with a seizure disorder.
Discuss the dental hygiene care plan for patients with a seizure disorder
Discuss emergency care for patients with a seizure disorder
Discuss factors to teach the seizure disorder patient.

VII. The patient with cardiovascular disease; The Patient with a blood

disorder.

The student will be able to:

List the major cardiovascular diseases and explain how they are classified.
Discuss each major type of cardiovascular disease including etiologies, disease process, clinical symptoms, and treatment, including emergency care for these patients.
List the modifications that would be needed to treat the patient with cardiovascular disease in a dental hygiene clinical setting.
Discuss the types of clinical procedures and postoperative instructions that would be used/given to the patient on anticoagulant therapy.
Discuss the oral care factors to teach the patient with cardiovascular disease.
Name the oral findings which are suggestive of a blood disorder
Discuss normal blood composition, origin, and cells.
Discuss anemias of all types including etiology, signs and symptoms
Discuss bleeding disorders, their detection and influence on the dental hygiene care plan.
Discuss sickle cell anemia: disease process, clinical course, oral implications and appointment management
Discuss the dental hygiene care plan for patients with a blood disorder

VIII. The patient with diabetes mellitus

The student will be able to:

Discuss the definition and impact of diabetes mellitus on the US population.
Discuss the classifications of diabetes mellitus
Discuss the complications that are associated with diabetes, medical treatment and modifications for diabetes control.
Discuss the medications that diabetic patients take.
Discuss how diabetes affects the oral cavity.
Discuss the dental hygiene care plan for diabetic patients.
Discuss factors to teach the diabetic patient.

IX. The patient with respiratory disease, the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.

The student will be able to:

Discuss the proper functioning and physiology of the respiratory system and the classification of respiratory diseases.
Discuss in detail the following diseases of the respiratory system: Pneumonia, tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis
Summarize guidelines for dental hygiene care of the patient with a respiratory disease.
Discuss the factors to teach the patient with respiratory disease.

X. The Pregnant Patient and the Infant/ Toddler

The student will be able to:

● Define the needs and dental care of the pregnant patient and the infant/toddler.

● Recognize oral manifestations of conditions and diseases prevalent.

● Explain the relationship between hormonal changes and periodontal diseases, and periodontal disease status in women and preterm, low-birth-weight infants.

● Discuss periodontal disease as a risk factor for preterm low-birth-weight babies.

● Plan dental hygiene care for women and their children over their life span.

● List nutrients that are usually supplemented during pregnancy and lactation.

● List high-risk factors for pregnancy.

● Recognize dental hygiene considerations for clients who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

●Identify aspects of patient care including appointment planning and clinical care.

● Identify oral health considerations for infants and toddlers and assist parents in developing knowledge (anticipatory guidance).

XI. Patients with a Mental Disorder

The student will be able to:

● List characteristics of a Major Depressive Disorder, Mood Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, Postpartum Mood Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, and Eating Disorder.

● Discuss implications of oral hygiene care including appointment planning and interventions.

● Identify the components of a comprehensive assessment that should be used for clients with mental disorders.

● Identify community resources that can serve as a referral source for psychological treatment.

● Outline an appropriate plan for education and oral management for clients.

● Describe systemic complications that can arise as sequelae to anorexic and bulimic behaviors.

● Discuss psychological and physical characteristics of the anorexic and bulimic client.

● Develop a personal and professional ethics system related to understanding the issues of professional responsibility and liability in referring clients for psychological therapy.

● Discuss prevention and preparation for psychiatric emergencies

XII. Behavior Disorders

The student will be able to:

● Define Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder and Attention Deficit Syndrome.

● Discuss Etiology and Epidemiology of Behavior Disorders.

● Recognize signs, symptoms and clinical manifestations.

● Apply assessment tools and degree of control under present medications.

● Determine dental consideration and management considerations.

● Determine treatment plan.

● Identify theories relevant to behavior disorders.

XIII. Preadolescent to Postmenopausal Patients

The student will be able to:

● Define the needs and dental care of the preadolescent to postmenopausal patient.

● Identify the stages of adolescence.

● Discuss pubertal changes, physical development, and psychosocial development.

● Identify nutritional requirements.

● Identify oral health problems and risk factors.

● Determine dental hygiene care plan and patient approach.

● Identify characteristics of menopause including general symptoms.

●Discuss and identify oral changes related to menopause.

●Develop a dental hygiene care plan including patient instruction and diet assessment.

XIV. Patients with Alcohol Related Disorders

The student will be able to:

● Define the incidence, etiology, functional expectations, and dental management of the patient with alcohol-related disorder.

● Describe the multiple causes of substance abuse including genetic, environment, psychological, and physiologic factor.

● Describe the short-term, long-term, and systemic effects of alcohol abuse.

●Identify oral signs and symptoms associated with substance abuse.

● Discuss the metabolism of alcohol.

● Identify health hazards associated with alcohol related disorder.

● Discuss alcohol use during pregnancy and characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.

● Discuss the dental hygiene process of care including treatment, and patient instruction.

● Identify the resources and support services available for dental professionals.

XV. The Patient with Mental Retardation

The student will be able to:

● Discuss etiologies of Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, and Autism.

● Describe general characteristics of persons with Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, or Autism.

● Plan education interventions for a client with Mental Retardation.

● Outline instructional strategies to overcome communication barriers with an autistic client.

● Describe medical conditions that may accompany Down syndrome and their effect on dental hygiene care.

● Recognize oral manifestations seen in the client with mental retardation, Down syndrome, or autism.

● Plan an oral hygiene program based on individual needs.

XVI. The Patient with a Sensory Disability

The student will be able to:

● Describe fundamental characteristics of the sensory disorders.

● Define the incidence, etiology, functional expectations and dental management of the sensory imp Describe specific considerations needed to deliver dental hygiene care to clients with sensory disabilities.

●Describe communication techniques for clients with sensory deficits.

●Describe oral self-care instructions individualized for clients with a sensory disability.

XVII. The Patient Who is Homebound, Bedridden, or Helpless

The student will be able to:

●Identify characteristics associated with chronic illness or disease in the patient who is homebound, bedridden, or helpless.

●Discuss objectives of care and preparation for the home visit.

●Describe dental hygiene care and instruction including dietary suggestions.

●Discuss objectives of care for the unconscious patient and terminally ill patient.

● Discuss maintenance of oral cleanliness for the acutely ill or unconscious patient requiring special procedures.

●Plan and conduct oral health in-service program for nursing staff and other caregivers.

●Identify oral lesions that can cause discomfort or lead to serious infection

XVIII. Tobacco Use and Cessation; Family Abuse and Neglect

The student will be able to:

●Describe the oral and systemic effects of tobacco use.

●Describe the 5 A’s approach to treating tobacco use and dependence.

●Provide effective interventions to clients based on their readiness to quit tobacco use.

●Describe the seven key elements of tobacco cessation counseling.

●Describe action and thinking strategies for coping with the quitting process and for preventing relapse.

●Describe available FDA-approved pharmacologic adjuncts that can facilitate client abstinence.

●Identify characteristics on family abuse and neglect.

●Identify general signs of abuse and neglect.

●Discuss child and elder maltreatment and partner abuse.

●Identify extraoral and intraoral signs of abuse and neglect.

●Discuss accurate documentation and content of record.

●Discuss state law regarding reporting of abuse and neglect.

XIX. Clinical patients

The student will be able to:

●Integrate policies and procedures into the clinical setting.

●Demonstrate increased level of clinical competencies.

●Demonstrate successfully the responsibilities and duties of the clinical/radiology assistant and clinical receptionist.

●Continue to assess the quality of selected professional literature

●Demonstrate increased level of competency in utilization of the computer and software in the clinical setting.

●Successfully complete radiographic and interpretation competencies required by DHYG 2090

XX. Clinical application (ongoing clinical objectives)

The student will be able to:

Identify a special needs case, assess and explain the requirements of this patient and how their needs for treatment may be different.(C.3)(C.10) (HP.3) (HP.6)(CM.2)(PC.1)(PC.2)(PC.3)
Evaluate a health history, record vital signs and utilize information to plan dental hygiene care which prevents harm to the patient, operator, and others.(C.3) (C.10)(HP.1) (HP.3) (HP.6) PC.1a,b,c,d,e,f)) (PC.2) (PC.3)
Demonstrate continued clinical competency in assessing and recording the status of hard and soft tissues in the oral cavity.(C.3) (C.10) (HP.1) (HP.3) (HP.6) PC.1a,b) (PC.1f) (PC.2)
Plan and provide the rationale for a comprehensive dental hygiene treatment plan for each patient treated in clinic.(C.3) (C.10) (HP.1) (HP.3) PC.1) (PC.1) (PC.2) (PC.3)
Demonstrate increased clinical competency (as established by the clinical competency criteria in the syllabus) to effectively and safely remove all hard and soft deposits from the teeth of patients treated in clinic. (HP.6)(PC.4)
Continue to demonstrate the ability to properly assess and apply preventive and therapeutic agents to the surfaces of the oral cavity. (C.3) (HP.1) (PC.4)
Continue to demonstrate an increased level of competency in assessing and educating the patient in the recommended oral health care. (C.10) (HP.1) PC.1) (PC.2) (PC.3)
Demonstrate increased levels of clinical competency in exposing, developing, reading and interpreting radiographs. (HP.6)(PC.1) (PC.4) Demonstrate clinical knowledge of clinical/radiology/receptionist duties as necessary for the efficient operation of the dental clinic.
Develop the ability to self-assess individual clinical performance. (C.3)(C.5)(PC.5)
Demonstrate continued professional development. (C.3) (C.10)
Develop the skills necessary to treat the special needs patient. (C.3)(c.8) (C.10) (HP.1)(HP.3) PC.1) (PC.2) (PC.3)
Maintain operatory, patient, and operator asepsis before, during, and after treatment.(HP.6)
Properly enter and maintain patient records using Dentrix, increasing proficiency in software utilization.(C.9)

Complete clinical competencies/requirements of DHYG 2090.